The Russian government has adopted a resolution regulating the transfer of genetic information to foreign states. An interagency commission has been established to review such matters, comprising representatives from the Health Ministry, Foreign Ministry, Education and Science Ministry, Federal Security Service (FSB) and other agencies. The new rules are designed to protect citizens’ genetic information while preserving the scope for international medical cooperation and the development of personalised medicines. The resolution takes effect on 1 September 2026.
Under the new rules, genetic data may be transferred abroad without commission approval in only two cases: when providing care to a specific patient (if required for using international databases or drug development) and within the framework of international cooperation when provided for by Russian law. In all other cases, commission approval is required.
A special regime applies to data obtained from population-scale genetic and immunological studies: their transfer always requires commission approval and is only permitted in exceptional cases. The commission will also approve the application review procedure and documentation requirements.
The government’s intention to introduce restrictions on genetic data transfers to foreigners first became known in autumn 2025, when the relevant bill was submitted to the State Duma. Lawmakers passed the bill in its second and third readings in February. The explanatory note to the draft stated that the collection, processing, storage, use and transfer of genetic data are acquiring exceptional importance for the security of the state and its citizens, and that the unique nature of such information predetermines the specific approach to its protection.
